William Shakespeare s The Ghosts - 1116 Words

The ghosts who shout out urgently in the pages of More’s Supplication were dread that they are being overlooked, the ghosts are swung to obscurity by cynics and reassigned to Hell in the compositions of the victorious Protestants, and the ghosts are progressively marked as the fictions of the brain. Theses do not altogether disappear in the later sixteenth century, instead, they turn up onstage (Greenblatt 151). As the main Renaissance English writers, William Shakespeare completely participates in the prevalent vogue for presenting ghosts onstage. Indeed, â€Å"participates† is an insufficient term: Shakespeare’s celebrated ghost scenes are signs of a profound interest that continue through virtually his entire career (156). Shakespeare saw that he could draw upon a range of traditions, including not only the classical Hades and the popular Hell but also the banished realm of Catholic Purgatory. Above all, he additionally observed that uncertainty about the very possibility of ghosts was itself valuable theatrical capital. Shakespeare seized that there were be powerful links between his art and the haunting of spirits (157). The richest and most complex exploitation of the theatrical capital Shakespeare found in ghosts is in Hamlet. The ghost in Hamlet is the specter of Hamlet’s recently deceased father, who claims to have been murdered by Claudius and calls upon Hamlet to avenge him (Shakespeare xi). It is important to grasp how frequently and insistently the figureShow MoreRelatedThe Ghost Of William Shakespeare s Hamlet1030 Words   |  5 PagesIn William Shakespeare s Hamlet, the ghost of King Hamlet is a subtle character who has a major effect on Hamlet during the play. Although he appears very little, the ghost causes Hamlet to not think correctly, not act his normal self, and make people think he has gone insane. The ghost’s presence is not always clear and only speaks to Hamlet in the story, which makes other characters think Hamlet is going crazy. Throughout the play, the ghost only appears four times throughout the play, but everyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Ghost 2084 Words   |  9 Pageshe has been told by the ghost of his dead father that he was killed while sleeping and the person who did the act is now the king. â€Å"sleeping in my orchard, A serpent stung me† and that â€Å"The serpent that did sting thy father’s life Now wears his crown.† (Shakespeare and Jordan Act I Scene V). The ghost then tells Hamlet to avenge his death because not only has Claudius killed him he has corrupted Denmark. However, the worst thing that Claudius has done according to the ghost is corrupt Gertrude, whoRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Ghost 2757 Words   |  12 Pageswith a firm disobedience, ‘I will my lord, I pray you pardon me.’. The transformation of Gertrude from a bewildered victim to a woman deserving of the title ‘Th’imperial j oin tress of this warlike state’ is similar to Emilia’s confession in ‘Othello’’s finale. Both villains of Shakespeare’s tragedies never foresaw their wives’ disobedience and this inadequacy proved to be lethal in leading to their cataclysmic demise. Shakespeare’s conveyance of misogynistic attitudes can also be seen in ‘Othello’Read MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Hamlet And The Ghost Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pageswho â€Å"is responsible for the death of Ophelia.† Although Gertrude seems innocent of the death of King Hamlet, Graf believes â€Å"Gertrude is considered to be guilty not by her own actions or words but by the words of two key characters, Hamlet and the Ghost;† these two characters suggest that the Queen is â€Å"sensuous and disloyal,† even if not openly aware of her first husband’s murder (Graf). These contrasting views of Queen Gertrude reveal the many possible answers to readers who question whether QueenRead MoreThe Ghost Of William Shakespeare s Hamlet 2253 Words   |  10 Pagesjoin Bernardo. The guards talk about the strange ghost that they have seen for the past two nights around the same time. They claim that it is the ghost of the recently deceased Ki ng Hamlet. Horatio, who is skeptical, has been brought along to try to communicate with the ghost if it shows up. The ghost does appear, and it looks exactly like King Hamlet; interestingly, he is in full armor and suited for battle. Horatio tries to speak to it, but the ghost does not reply and then disappears. HoratioRead MoreMinor Characters Of William Shakespeare s The Ghost 1425 Words   |  6 Pagescharacter seen very little in the play, the Ghost is an important character that is inherently evil in nature that only wishes to corrupt others and cause blood to spill. Seen later in the first act of the play, the ghost was avoided by the guards who first witnessed its arrival in the royal castle of Denmark. The guards themselves did not believe that the spirit was real and thus Marcellus then decides to bring Horatio to on watch with him to prove that the ghost was real. Horatio is very educated andRead MoreEssay on Hamlet Metaphor1089 Words   |  5 Pagesconcept in a literary work. This is the case in William Shakespeares Hamlet, a revenge tragedy that continually depicts the vibrant metaphors of manifesting corruption and festering disease in order to auger the impending calamities in the state of Denmark. Throughout Shakespeares play, there are successive images of deterioration, decay and death. These images are skilfully accomplished through the use of metaphors of rotting and dead gardens. Shakespeare wonderfully creates these metaphors thatRead MorePerfect Idealism In Shakespeares Hamlet1631 Words   |  7 PagesThe play Hamlet is a fable of how the ghost of a slain king comes to haunt the living with disastrous consequences. A rancorous ghost and a brother s murder, lead the gloomy setting of Hamlet s Denmark. Hamlet story opens with an encounter between young Hamlet, his dad s ghost as well as the prince of Denmark. The ghost reveals to Hamlet that its murderer was his brother Claudius, who then rapidly wedded his widowed queen, Gertrude. As a result, the ghost presses Hamlet to seek vengeance on theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Sanity Vs. Insanity1742 Words   |  7 PagesWesley Ray Elliott December 7th, 2015 Honors English IV Mrs. Joyner Sanity VS. Insanity â€Å"Hamlet represents the mid period of the growth of Shakespeare s genius, when comedy and history ceased to be adequate for the expression of his deeper thoughts and sadder feelings about life, and when he was entering upon his great series of tragic writings† (The World s Best Essays from the Earliest Period to the Present Time). Hamlet’s actions are entirely too extreme for him to be faking his insanity. HamletRead MoreEssay on Vengeance in Shakespeares Hamlet - The Theme of Revenge1162 Words   |  5 Pagesthe first act, Hamlet meets the ghost of his deceased father. He is brought to see him by Horatio and Marcellus, who saw the ghost yesternight (Shakespeare 1.2.190). During this exchange of words between the Ghost and Hamlet, the Ghost tells Hamlet, [s]o art thou to revenge, when thou shalt hear. (Shakespeare 1.5.5). He is telling Hamlet to listen closely to what he has to say. Then he tells Hamlet to [r]evenge his foul and most unnatural murder (Shakespeare 1.5.23). When Hamlet finds out that

Improving Education through Continuous Development and...

Improving Education through Continuous Development and Renewal A fundamental question that pervades the minds of many is how to improve the educational system so that the curriculum is relevant and continuously adaptive to societal needs. Throughout this century, change has taken place in the educational arena; yet the ideal education never seemingly results. Through each thread in time, curriculum is viewed as an entity with both institutional and technical form—an idea or concept embedded within the political and social structures that currently exist (Reid Walker 1975). The role of schools to impart knowledge and to enrich each individual’s sense of well being brings about an integral question: what should the curriculum†¦show more content†¦In the middle to late 1940’s, numerous national organizations began to press for intercultural education; thus, an intercultural unit became an added component to the Social Studies program. Despite the concern for such an issue, the lack of support from the national level f or such a school role was not available at the time (Reid Walker 1975). In 1954, a landmark decision in Brown v. the Topeka Board of Education directly influenced school curriculum from a federal level. The court’s decision provided that separate was not equal, thus inevitably claiming that separate schools based upon racial, economic, or social distinctions could not provide equal educational access to children. As a result, legal segregation of students became a violation of individual constitutional rights (Eisner 1979). This judgment has generated a plethora of other legal decisions serving to enforce the ideal of equal opportunity. For example, the busing of children to create rapid desegregation by integrating the school system caused many students to be shipped across town to schools not within their own neighborhoods. As a result, many parents withdrew their children from the public educational system because they felt the government was favoring minority status. Therefore, with this decision came the move to a more centralized school syst em—as the federal hand beginning to play a larger role than ever before.Show MoreRelatedCase Study : Hacienda Encantada Resort Spa853 Words   |  4 Pagespractitioners may not be necessarily interchangeable with different business or organizations. It is in my belief that Hacienda Encantada Resort Spa would be more easily acceptable to use internal Organization Development practitioners mainly as it relates to providing continuous learning opportunities. Yet, it is also my opinion that external OD practitioner such as technology would have a better chance at being effective within Hacienda Encatada Resort Spa. Technological factors would affectRead MoreThe New York City Department Of Education992 Words   |  4 PagesThe New York City Department of Education (DOE) serves 1.1 million students across schools (â€Å"About Us†). During the Bloomberg administration more than 140 schools were closed with no indication that the â€Å"administration’s closure policy improved outcomes for students in the city’s struggling schools† (â€Å"Standardized Testing Is Counterproductive, Corrosive and Corrupting†). Several studies have detailed the damage and disruption the city’s closure policy had on struggling schools in high-need populationsRead MorePersonal Reflection Statement1151 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"To respond to the immediate needs of victims of domestic violence and sexual assault†. This statement was the overarching goal presented at my first new advocate/counselor training with Renewal House. Initially, I believed this goal to be straightforward and we would be given a formula for success to follow that would hold true is any case we may face. As the training moved forward it was quickly made clear that this â€Å"simple† goal needed to be approached with tenacity and strong critical thinkingRead MoreMarketing Strategies1137 Words   |  5 Pagescompetitors as closely as they do their customers. Analyzing and evaluating competition helps management decide where to compete and how to position against the competition in each market margin. The changing patterns of global competition require continuous analysis of competing forces. Busines s and marketing strategies need to take advantage of opportunities and to avoid threats. Market leaders and competitors cannot fulfill their executive role unless customer’s needs and desires are understoodRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Relationship Between Evaluation and Supervision2640 Words   |  11 Pagescore processes in determining standards and maintaining quality in education. The assumption is they enhance teacher’s performance and boost the learners’ achievements. Evaluation is a function of policy while supervision administrative tools. This paper is focussing on the definitions, types, purposes, roles, differences and similarities of these two key processes. It will also look at why the two are necessary in any education system and what problems are associated with each of them. EvaluationRead MoreChallenges of Performance Management in Nursing2788 Words   |  12 Pagesemployees who are performing well, quality performance outcomes and an absence of a formal performance management system and poor working conditions (Awases, Bezuidenhout amp; Roos, 2013). Over the last 20 years, a number of strategies aimed at improving the job performance of health workers have been implemented in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) (Marchal et al. 2012). Each strategy has had its specific perspective and focused on one particular issue: quality improvement, performance managementRead MoreThe Core Features Of Teacher Professional Development7561 Words   |  31 Pagesprofessional development. Second, it presents main stages and primary models of teacher professional development. Third, it presents the role of principal leadership in a teacher’s professional growth. Fourth, it presents a review of some cases of successful and unsuccessful teacher professional development programs of American public schools, and some reasons for failure of professional development programs. Finally, it presents the basic concepts and principles of National Staff Development Council’sRead MoreStudent Achievement Is Achieved At The Forefront Of Educatio n2659 Words   |  11 PagesStudent achievement is consistently at the forefront of education. It has become the driving force and reason as to why researchers and educational scholars seek to find professional revisions that can be performed to increase student performance. If it is revising curriculums, rewriting textbooks, or increasing resources, researchers are seeking a strategy to better enhance how students succeed. They investigate diligently and strategically in order to find a connection between societal featuresRead More The Image of Career and Technical Education Essay2079 Words   |  9 PagesThe Image of Career and Technical Education Parents, students, and employers still hold stereotypes about career and technical education (CTE). This Practice Application Brief presents strategies career and technical educators can use to present a new image of CTE as a viable strategy for education and work, including proactive approaches to enhancing the reputation of CTE programs, bringing parents up to date on labor market information, marketing CTE to the local community, and working withRead MoreOrganizational Effectiveness Essay1880 Words   |  8 Pagesinterchangeably with the concept of â€Å"Organizational Development†, especially when used as the name of a department or part of an organization’s Human Resources. Organizational development is an ongoing, systematic process to implement effective change in an organization and is known as a field of applied behavioral science focused on understanding and managing organizational change, as well as, a field of scientific study and inquiry . While organiza tional development is considered to be interdisciplinary in

What Problems Did Hispanics Blacks Women Face 1940-60 Free Essays

What problems did Hispanics, Native Americans and women face in 1945 and how far had these been overcome by 1968 World War Two has often been described as a turning point in the battle for equality between men and women. From the beginning, women were always struggling to gain status, respect, and rights in their society. Prior to World War Two, a woman’s role in society was seen as someone who cooked, cleaned, and gave birth. We will write a custom essay sample on What Problems Did Hispanics Blacks Women Face 1940-60 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The years during and following the war marked a turning point in the battle for equality. Women, for once, were being seen as individuals with capabilities outside the kitchen, and we’re for the first time given a chance to prove themselves. On December 7, 1942, Pearl Harbour was bombed and FDR (Franklin D. Roosevelt) declared war. This marked the entry of the US into World War Two, a war which has been going on in Europe for almost 2 years prior. The start of World War II opened a new chapter in the lives of women living in America. From coast to coast, husbands, fathers, sons and brothers were shipped out to fight in Europe. With the entry of the US and the absence of large quantities of men, the demand for supplies increased, and women were called out of the kitchen and into the workforce. Posters, banners, and jingles were all aspects that helped encourage women’s entrance into the workforce. Millions marched into factories, offices, and military bases. The demand for labour was so great, that a poll taken that year showed that only 13% of the population opposed females entering the workforce. Women’s occupations varied from war nurses and cooking for the army, to making bombs and making weapons. Other occupations flourished, as well. Women photographers, writers, and reports were for once given a chance. The war offered women opportunity never given to them before. The war has given women a chance to show what they can do in the world, and they have done well. Women were given freedom and a chance to live the American dream. However the Allies’ final push in the summer of 1945 brought World War II to a close. With the end of the war, came the pressure for females to return to where they belong. All the women who took jobs during the war were now all expected to make room for the returning men. The returning veterans were all unemployed and in need of work. The government’s solution to the problem was to force women out of their jobs in order to make room for the men. The same as they were encouraged into the labour force, they were encouraged out of it. Posters, movies, and articles were posted to help push females to leave their jobs and return to their homes. Despite the pressure, women were not so quick to return to the kitchen. They were for the first time, given freedom, and allowed a chance. Women across the nation were less than willing to give it back and return to their old way of life. Women began questioning the role they played in society, and began demanding equal opportunities. The 1960s was a major period of gaining equality for women. Various acts were passed in order to help the woman’s cause. Through various struggles and battles, the Equal Pay Act was passed in 1963, which prohibited wage discrimination based on one’s sex. In addition, the Civil Rights Act was passed the following year, which further extended the laws prohibiting one’s occupation due to sex, by also prohibiting wage discrimination, job classification, promotion, and training. Women’s battle for equality also existed outside the workforce. During the late 1960s, women fought for equal rights anyway they knew how. They wanted to end discrimination not only at work, but at home, and in every part of their society. To accomplish this, women began to take place in marches and spoke out against inequality. Individual women worked hard to achieve their goal. Esther Peterson, director of the Women’s Bureau of the Department of Labor, with the help of President John F. Kennedy, helped approve the Equal Rights Amendment. Also, other activities helped the fight for equality. Betty Friedan, the first President of NOW (National Organisation for Women), became one of the most influential activists of her time. She led a highly publicized campaign in order to pass an amendment to guarantee equal rights for both men and women. In addition, Friedan was the author of The Feminine Mystique, a book that spoke of the idea that women could find happiness outside their homes, and within their careers. By the 1970s, women achieved some victories, but the fight was far from over. Today, almost 64 million women, almost 16 and over, and about 46% of the workforce is composed of women. Hispanics came home from World War II to a different struggle. A Medal of Honour for bravery didn’t guarantee service in certain restaurants and a soldier’s body in a coffin with an American flag for his widow didn’t merit admission to some funeral homes. Hispanics weren’t segregated in the service, as African Americans were. The Hispanics earned 13 of the 301 medals of honour awarded. But still Hispanics did face discrimination. Back home in Texas, two of those medal recipients were denied service in restaurants. Returning veterans also found public swimming pools, schools and housing segregated in some communities, especially in the Southwest and California. They did not face as harsh a living as African Americans but still fought substantial racism. Fast-forward to 1965, since the end of the war Hispanic children fail to gain as good an education as your average white boy, many grew up in extreme poverty with parents working in the Californian farming industry. The California farming business was worth over $4 billion at the time. Hispanics working in this field were only able to work around 134 day every year during the harvest period and when they weren’t working they weren’t getting paid. They gained a false reputation for being lazy from white Californians, when the actually worked very hard making the best out of what they had. The problem was farming unions had no legal protection at the time and so their fight against injustice was at a standstill. The National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) was formed in 1962 by Cesar Chavez, this union became very popular and it organise ‘La Huelga;’ this was a mass walk out from the farms that involved 10000 Hispanics. Unfortunately it took 5 years (1970) to achieve anything, but it was a start. Some 44,000 Native Americans served in the United States military during World War II. American Indian veterans encountered varying degrees of success in re-entering civilian life after World War II. Some returned to the reservation, where economic opportunities were bleak. World War II changed both the Indians and the reservation. Following the war, veterans returned unwilling to accept the secondary status assigned to them by the larger society. They faced discrimination in housing, employment, education, land rights, water rights, and voting. In many states, it was illegal for Indians to purchase or consume alcohol. Yet many of the veterans had found that while in the military they were able to purchase and consume alcohol with no legal difficulties both on the bases and while on furlough in foreign countries. Many returned home wanting this same freedom as civilians in the United States. Veterans received readjustment checks of $20 a week for 52 weeks while unemployed, and were eligible for G. I. Bill benefits, including free high school and college education, and low-cost mortgages. Veterans moved to cities; the Indian population in urban centers more than doubled (from 24,000 to 56,000) from 1941 to 1950. Some veterans, like Abel in the novel House Made of Dawn, moved to California cities only to experience little success there. More than three thousand Indians each lived in San Francisco and Los Angeles after the war; fewer than five hundred, or a sixth of them, were able to find steady jobs. Tellingly, the median income for urban male Indians was $1,198 a year, in contrast to $3,780 for the white male population. Native Americans joined the United States’ call to fight Communism and participated in the Korean and Vietnam Wars. Between 10,000 to 15,000 Native Americans served in the Korean War, while approximately 14,500 Native Americans served in the Vietnam War. Once again Native Americans returned from these wars to find discrimination with regards to finding a job and trying to earn a fair wage. In conclusion both Women, Hispanics and Native Americans had made strides towards overcoming their post-war problems by 1968, but some were more successful than others. Women were more common place in the work place by 1968 but nothing like today, they still faced discrimination with regards to wages and opportunity’s. Even though they were helped by the Civil Rights Act of 1964 banning discrimination in the work place, there were loopholes and statistically you were still more likely to get a job if you were male. An act to guarantee equal rights for women was not passed until 1972, it was called ‘The Equal Rights Amendment. The Feminine Mystique is a nonfiction book by Betty Friedan first published in 1963. It is widely credited with sparking the beginning of second-wave feminism in the United States. This phenomenally popular book may have been the inspiration for Women all over America to leave their kitchen and become more independent. Hispanics and Native Americans were helped massively with the civil Rights Act of 1964 which ended unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the workplace and by facilities that served the general public. Unfortunately there was still a learned racist attitude towards ethnic groups in America, however it cannot be measured how many years this attitude took to wear off. In 1968 we saw America learning its newer more modern stance on different ethnicities and women which we can see today. This was Mainly due to the approval of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 witch was probably the most important act passed in American history with regard to equality. How to cite What Problems Did Hispanics Blacks Women Face 1940-60, Essay examples

Marketing Strategies and Process of Apple †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Strategies and Process of Apple. Answer: Introduction International managementhas gained great popularity due to globalization. Globalization has opened the door for many business opportunities. Businesses had more options in the global network and this was the first step of many private companies to explore other markets. But this led to increased competition among the firms. The firms were to exposed to different nations, culture who were outside their geographical boundary. The company goes to do business in the international market to gain profits, make new markets, sell their products etc. As there is rise in the companies to expand their business internationally and when business start operating there are many challenges face by the companies. Key Concepts of International Management To do business in the international market they need proper planning, organizing their staffs, opening new offices at proper location, engaging new recruitments in the operating nation, proper marketing strategy and others. It means that Internationalmanagement deals with managing such affair followed by the strategy implemented within the organization. So, internationalmanagement encompasses proper marketing, accounting, human resource management, service marketing to expand its business. Even there has to be proper mode of communication with the international offices and parent company. Company Introduction: Apple Apple Inc. is an American company based on Cupertino, California which manufactures, designand markets computer products both personal and professional. It also produces mobile communication products. According to Thiele, Sarstedt and Ringle, (2016, p.991), the operating system which Apple uses is MacOS for computers and iOS for tablets, phone etc. Apple has a media player named as iTunes, iPod and its own browser named Safari.A digital media player produced by Apple Inc. is Apple TV and has producedother accessories like iCloud, iWork. So, the company produces different rage of technology products. These products are in high demand globally due to excellent design, software and service. Apple is a huge brand and this brand targets the urban population of any big city of a country. The organization structure of the company: Organization chart The organizational structure of the company Apple is the most important factor or part of the company in terms of their successful innovation. This organization structure of the company can create an opportunity for Apple to enhance their growth in the global market. In the case of Apple the organizational structure can be identified as mainly a traditional hierarchy, along with few key elements from other types of organizational structure. Culture: Basically, the company believes in innovation, so that they have the motive to think differently. This is the main culture of the organization Apple, they are different than other companies in the market. Human resource: Along with this the leadership style as well as the human resource management part is another most important thing of Apple. In this case Steve Jobs have adopted his own innovative leadership style in terms of managing the company. The company makes small changes in their management process or organizational structure time by time according to the changes of market. The company always manages their each and every part of their business in effective strategies as well as they also have some motivation strategies for managing their employees. Impact of global market Every company needs to export and import products to stay in competitive global market. There are many emerging markets where its cheap to import products and also gain to sell the product to these countries. Apple Inc. too follows this strategy i.e. it exports and imports goods to produce and sell it products in the international market (Sojka, 2016, p.285)). This is done as labor is cheap in many countries and raw materials are available at low cost. But to do this an organization has to go through many types of customs and duties and has to pay it. This is a cost to the company. There is another international activity that becomes a problem for the organization is licensing. This licensing help big brands to spread its products in the international market at low risk. Apple too follows the norms of international laws and the regulation work in a proper way. After these activities, the company makes its marketing strategy and proper business model to increase its business. Challenges in International Market In spite of all these strategies one of the prime problem of global marketing and setting up of global offices is understanding the other countrys culture and sometimes the differences creates a lot of problem. So, the demographic, political, technological, economical and socio-cultural differences are the major factors of a company to do business internationally. As sighted by Peterson, (2016, p.9), when a company moves from one region to another there are many problems come in its way. One of the main barrier is the mode of communication. The languages are different in different countries. This is challenge for any organization and sometimes creates a situation that is difficult to deal with. Every firm has its own culture and it is different from other firms and countries. But the basic idea lies in understanding each other either from a different country or own country. This increase efficiency and competition of an organization. Apple Inc. follows the acknowledgement of an employees ability and a friendly atmosphere to work. The international market has uplifted the wall of the differences of culture and now a cultural diffusion has occurred. There is custom in different countries like in Arab countries it is a not a good manner to shake hands and there are custom of greeting a person, paying respect to high official of the country and it is different in different countries. There things are need to be know before operating a business in a foreign land. Other than culture there are other things that helps a business to understand a different country are the taxation, laws, mode of business operation, holidays etc. to name a few. To expand a business internationally it is important to grow either internally, merging or acquisition. The internal growth is the growing of the organization from the basic level and establishing itself in a new country. But a merger or acquisition means a company that is already established another country but learns the rules and regulation of a new country from the acquired unit it has merged with. This mode of operation is better to perform internationally. Travel condition of many countries is different and sometimes it becomes difficult for an employee of high level official to visit a proper site is another problem (Parihar et al. 2016, p.113). In case of Apple Inc. environment becomes a hindrance to market the products. For example, in case of developing nations the pricing strategies are low but in developed countries it is just the opposite. Even in the case of products Apple Inc. gives new and advanced with high level technology to developed nations while in developing nations this absent. This means that there are differences of tastes between countries and this an important strategy for a company to identify to market its products. To survive the competition the organization has to think differences of taste in different countries. Then there is technological advancement in various countries. For example, there is competition among technology in different countries like in USA and UK the technology firm is high in comparison to India. So, if Apple Inc. has to use across boarder strategy it will be different In countries like India, China and different in USA and UK. The acquisitions established in developing nations a re far different in developed nations. Decision Making The product selling strategy of Apple Inc. are through retail stores worldwide, online stores and direct selling. The company also sells through third part like cellular networks carriers, whole sellers, retailers and resellers. The retail stores tat re owned by Apple itself provides a comfortable feeling to the customer and helps the customers to their best. The service of Apple is based on trust on the brand, loyalty and honesty. As per Ma and Abdulai, (2016, p.21), it is easy to replace or get a new product depending on the problem. This is known is global market as Apple Care and range of support it provides are any problem related to software products, technical assistance and there is fee based Apple care protection Plan (APP). This protection includes two or three years support to phone, laptop, tablet. In the global market the company has targeted the continents of Europe, South America, Asia- Pacific, Australia (Lo Dolce and Ryan, 2016, p.98). Apple has increased its global presence. The main market is the high profile urban population of US and they use its products for home ad office. Now the business ha increased to such a level that now the manufacturing is at USA and assembling and sales are in done in the global market. Presently the company assembles and sources its raw materials from 140 nations. This has led to reduced cost as the manufacturing and labor cost due to new technological innovation. This is how Apple is entering the merging market. Apples emerging market is a huge market for the company. The main country is China where the major portion of the companys sourcing and manufacturing comes from. In case of China the environmental conditions are problem regard to the manufacturing. The Chinese governments has planned to impose some restrictions and increase the profits of the state owned companies to 30 % by 2020.This will increase the cost of the company and the labor cost. Solets discuss the marketing strategies: According to Lilford, Harrison and Berthon, (2016, p.127), to enter a country the main ways are - licensing, exporting and importing strategies. In case of licensing discussed earlier is allow risk market entry way compared to joint venture or other alliances. In case of regulations also licensing is a way and is less complicated and the organization face less problems in comparison to other ways of entering an international country. The companies adopting licensing are getting more returns than any other strategic options in foreign lands. So, returns are high in licensing strategy (Langner et al. p.327). Hence we can infer that Apple Inc. follows the export and import strategy and licensing strategy to market its products globally and enter the foreign land and these are favorable for the company. International Strategy Undertaken by Apple As per Chaudhary et al. (2016, p.78), the important strategy that Apple Inc. uses is differentiation strategy. Its important strategy is to deliver high customer value by newly designed and innovative products in international market. As this strategy is a tool to develop a huge market share internationally and Apple uses this strategy to make a differentiation in the offering depending on the country. But the question arises why this differentiation is needed? There are reasons that are explained below: We are aware of the fact that Apple products like iPod, iPad, iPhone, iTunes and others are in huge demand in the international market and this is the prime reason of differentiation strategy and has become an important strategy for an organization to market globally. Next is the brand value. This strategy of Apple Inc.provides brand value to the company. This is possible through differentiation strategy as it helps in developing stronger position in international markets compared to other businesses. The above gives competitive advantage to Apple Inc. The competitive advantage helps the company to stand in any kind of challenges and issues that other competitors like Dell Computers, Google, and Microsoft and so on gives in international market (Bhasin, 2017, p.90). The products of Apple Inc. are such that it is difficult to imitate . The innovative products are difficult to adopt by competitors in international market. So, imitations by rival companies and this is possible by the adoption of differentiation strategy helps. Confirmed by Investor Relations, the iPhone is Apples primary growth strategy in emerging economies. Apple needs to step up the efficiency of its global scale efforts as Samsung, Apples primary competition, continues to rise in its dominance in the global cell phone market. It should shift from a global strategic perspective into a transnational perspective. The new strategy adopted by Apple is highly centralized, scale-intensive manufacturing but the standardized products of the company are not allowing the company to succeed. So, the company needs to know the flexibility in different fields. Supply Chain management had helped the company in a great manner. The company sources the raw material of all the products from the global market and also used the cheap labor. The company is having good relations with the sources and this has helped the company grow and be innovative. One example that the company in investing a huge amount of money to a US-based sapphire company new technology. So its supply chain plays a vital role in developing the company innovative perspective and increasing the global presence. Conclusion So, we conclude that Apple Inc. follows proper international strategies, operates through legal market entry modes and follows rules and regulation in international market. We can infer that the company follows effective and efficient strategies depending on the countries as it varies from one country to another due to environmental factors. To start business globally firms has to select right Firms are entry modes by taking into consideration their advantages and disadvantages along with the demographic, political situation of country. Developing a business in ones own country and then developing it in another country is an easy task. This task needs a lot of disciplined workforce, proper environment. References Bhasin, H. (2017).Marketing Strategy of Apple Inc - Apple Marketing strategy.Marketing91. Retrieved 29 May 2017, from https://www.marketing91.com/marketing-strategy-apple/ Chaudhary, R., Janjhua, Y., Mehta, P., and Verma, T. (2016). An Analytical Study of Apple Marketing Channels in Himachal Pradesh, India.International Journal of Bio-Resource Stress Management,7(2). Langner, S., Schmidt, S., Wiedmann, K. P., Haase, J., and Fritz, S. (2016). 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