William Shakespeare s The Ghosts - 1116 Words

The ghosts who shout out urgently in the pages of More’s Supplication were dread that they are being overlooked, the ghosts are swung to obscurity by cynics and reassigned to Hell in the compositions of the victorious Protestants, and the ghosts are progressively marked as the fictions of the brain. Theses do not altogether disappear in the later sixteenth century, instead, they turn up onstage (Greenblatt 151). As the main Renaissance English writers, William Shakespeare completely participates in the prevalent vogue for presenting ghosts onstage. Indeed, â€Å"participates† is an insufficient term: Shakespeare’s celebrated ghost scenes are signs of a profound interest that continue through virtually his entire career (156). Shakespeare saw that he could draw upon a range of traditions, including not only the classical Hades and the popular Hell but also the banished realm of Catholic Purgatory. Above all, he additionally observed that uncertainty about the very possibility of ghosts was itself valuable theatrical capital. Shakespeare seized that there were be powerful links between his art and the haunting of spirits (157). The richest and most complex exploitation of the theatrical capital Shakespeare found in ghosts is in Hamlet. The ghost in Hamlet is the specter of Hamlet’s recently deceased father, who claims to have been murdered by Claudius and calls upon Hamlet to avenge him (Shakespeare xi). It is important to grasp how frequently and insistently the figureShow MoreRelatedThe Ghost Of William Shakespeare s Hamlet1030 Words   |  5 PagesIn William Shakespeare s Hamlet, the ghost of King Hamlet is a subtle character who has a major effect on Hamlet during the play. Although he appears very little, the ghost causes Hamlet to not think correctly, not act his normal self, and make people think he has gone insane. The ghost’s presence is not always clear and only speaks to Hamlet in the story, which makes other characters think Hamlet is going crazy. Throughout the play, the ghost only appears four times throughout the play, but everyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Ghost 2084 Words   |  9 Pageshe has been told by the ghost of his dead father that he was killed while sleeping and the person who did the act is now the king. â€Å"sleeping in my orchard, A serpent stung me† and that â€Å"The serpent that did sting thy father’s life Now wears his crown.† (Shakespeare and Jordan Act I Scene V). The ghost then tells Hamlet to avenge his death because not only has Claudius killed him he has corrupted Denmark. However, the worst thing that Claudius has done according to the ghost is corrupt Gertrude, whoRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Ghost 2757 Words   |  12 Pageswith a firm disobedience, ‘I will my lord, I pray you pardon me.’. The transformation of Gertrude from a bewildered victim to a woman deserving of the title ‘Th’imperial j oin tress of this warlike state’ is similar to Emilia’s confession in ‘Othello’’s finale. Both villains of Shakespeare’s tragedies never foresaw their wives’ disobedience and this inadequacy proved to be lethal in leading to their cataclysmic demise. Shakespeare’s conveyance of misogynistic attitudes can also be seen in ‘Othello’Read MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Hamlet And The Ghost Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pageswho â€Å"is responsible for the death of Ophelia.† Although Gertrude seems innocent of the death of King Hamlet, Graf believes â€Å"Gertrude is considered to be guilty not by her own actions or words but by the words of two key characters, Hamlet and the Ghost;† these two characters suggest that the Queen is â€Å"sensuous and disloyal,† even if not openly aware of her first husband’s murder (Graf). These contrasting views of Queen Gertrude reveal the many possible answers to readers who question whether QueenRead MoreThe Ghost Of William Shakespeare s Hamlet 2253 Words   |  10 Pagesjoin Bernardo. The guards talk about the strange ghost that they have seen for the past two nights around the same time. They claim that it is the ghost of the recently deceased Ki ng Hamlet. Horatio, who is skeptical, has been brought along to try to communicate with the ghost if it shows up. The ghost does appear, and it looks exactly like King Hamlet; interestingly, he is in full armor and suited for battle. Horatio tries to speak to it, but the ghost does not reply and then disappears. HoratioRead MoreMinor Characters Of William Shakespeare s The Ghost 1425 Words   |  6 Pagescharacter seen very little in the play, the Ghost is an important character that is inherently evil in nature that only wishes to corrupt others and cause blood to spill. Seen later in the first act of the play, the ghost was avoided by the guards who first witnessed its arrival in the royal castle of Denmark. The guards themselves did not believe that the spirit was real and thus Marcellus then decides to bring Horatio to on watch with him to prove that the ghost was real. Horatio is very educated andRead MoreEssay on Hamlet Metaphor1089 Words   |  5 Pagesconcept in a literary work. This is the case in William Shakespeares Hamlet, a revenge tragedy that continually depicts the vibrant metaphors of manifesting corruption and festering disease in order to auger the impending calamities in the state of Denmark. Throughout Shakespeares play, there are successive images of deterioration, decay and death. These images are skilfully accomplished through the use of metaphors of rotting and dead gardens. Shakespeare wonderfully creates these metaphors thatRead MorePerfect Idealism In Shakespeares Hamlet1631 Words   |  7 PagesThe play Hamlet is a fable of how the ghost of a slain king comes to haunt the living with disastrous consequences. A rancorous ghost and a brother s murder, lead the gloomy setting of Hamlet s Denmark. Hamlet story opens with an encounter between young Hamlet, his dad s ghost as well as the prince of Denmark. The ghost reveals to Hamlet that its murderer was his brother Claudius, who then rapidly wedded his widowed queen, Gertrude. As a result, the ghost presses Hamlet to seek vengeance on theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Sanity Vs. Insanity1742 Words   |  7 PagesWesley Ray Elliott December 7th, 2015 Honors English IV Mrs. Joyner Sanity VS. Insanity â€Å"Hamlet represents the mid period of the growth of Shakespeare s genius, when comedy and history ceased to be adequate for the expression of his deeper thoughts and sadder feelings about life, and when he was entering upon his great series of tragic writings† (The World s Best Essays from the Earliest Period to the Present Time). Hamlet’s actions are entirely too extreme for him to be faking his insanity. HamletRead MoreEssay on Vengeance in Shakespeares Hamlet - The Theme of Revenge1162 Words   |  5 Pagesthe first act, Hamlet meets the ghost of his deceased father. He is brought to see him by Horatio and Marcellus, who saw the ghost yesternight (Shakespeare 1.2.190). During this exchange of words between the Ghost and Hamlet, the Ghost tells Hamlet, [s]o art thou to revenge, when thou shalt hear. (Shakespeare 1.5.5). He is telling Hamlet to listen closely to what he has to say. Then he tells Hamlet to [r]evenge his foul and most unnatural murder (Shakespeare 1.5.23). When Hamlet finds out that

Improving Education through Continuous Development and...

Improving Education through Continuous Development and Renewal A fundamental question that pervades the minds of many is how to improve the educational system so that the curriculum is relevant and continuously adaptive to societal needs. Throughout this century, change has taken place in the educational arena; yet the ideal education never seemingly results. Through each thread in time, curriculum is viewed as an entity with both institutional and technical form—an idea or concept embedded within the political and social structures that currently exist (Reid Walker 1975). The role of schools to impart knowledge and to enrich each individual’s sense of well being brings about an integral question: what should the curriculum†¦show more content†¦In the middle to late 1940’s, numerous national organizations began to press for intercultural education; thus, an intercultural unit became an added component to the Social Studies program. Despite the concern for such an issue, the lack of support from the national level f or such a school role was not available at the time (Reid Walker 1975). In 1954, a landmark decision in Brown v. the Topeka Board of Education directly influenced school curriculum from a federal level. The court’s decision provided that separate was not equal, thus inevitably claiming that separate schools based upon racial, economic, or social distinctions could not provide equal educational access to children. As a result, legal segregation of students became a violation of individual constitutional rights (Eisner 1979). This judgment has generated a plethora of other legal decisions serving to enforce the ideal of equal opportunity. For example, the busing of children to create rapid desegregation by integrating the school system caused many students to be shipped across town to schools not within their own neighborhoods. As a result, many parents withdrew their children from the public educational system because they felt the government was favoring minority status. Therefore, with this decision came the move to a more centralized school syst em—as the federal hand beginning to play a larger role than ever before.Show MoreRelatedCase Study : Hacienda Encantada Resort Spa853 Words   |  4 Pagespractitioners may not be necessarily interchangeable with different business or organizations. It is in my belief that Hacienda Encantada Resort Spa would be more easily acceptable to use internal Organization Development practitioners mainly as it relates to providing continuous learning opportunities. Yet, it is also my opinion that external OD practitioner such as technology would have a better chance at being effective within Hacienda Encatada Resort Spa. Technological factors would affectRead MoreThe New York City Department Of Education992 Words   |  4 PagesThe New York City Department of Education (DOE) serves 1.1 million students across schools (â€Å"About Us†). During the Bloomberg administration more than 140 schools were closed with no indication that the â€Å"administration’s closure policy improved outcomes for students in the city’s struggling schools† (â€Å"Standardized Testing Is Counterproductive, Corrosive and Corrupting†). Several studies have detailed the damage and disruption the city’s closure policy had on struggling schools in high-need populationsRead MorePersonal Reflection Statement1151 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"To respond to the immediate needs of victims of domestic violence and sexual assault†. This statement was the overarching goal presented at my first new advocate/counselor training with Renewal House. Initially, I believed this goal to be straightforward and we would be given a formula for success to follow that would hold true is any case we may face. As the training moved forward it was quickly made clear that this â€Å"simple† goal needed to be approached with tenacity and strong critical thinkingRead MoreMarketing Strategies1137 Words   |  5 Pagescompetitors as closely as they do their customers. Analyzing and evaluating competition helps management decide where to compete and how to position against the competition in each market margin. The changing patterns of global competition require continuous analysis of competing forces. Busines s and marketing strategies need to take advantage of opportunities and to avoid threats. Market leaders and competitors cannot fulfill their executive role unless customer’s needs and desires are understoodRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Relationship Between Evaluation and Supervision2640 Words   |  11 Pagescore processes in determining standards and maintaining quality in education. The assumption is they enhance teacher’s performance and boost the learners’ achievements. Evaluation is a function of policy while supervision administrative tools. This paper is focussing on the definitions, types, purposes, roles, differences and similarities of these two key processes. It will also look at why the two are necessary in any education system and what problems are associated with each of them. EvaluationRead MoreChallenges of Performance Management in Nursing2788 Words   |  12 Pagesemployees who are performing well, quality performance outcomes and an absence of a formal performance management system and poor working conditions (Awases, Bezuidenhout amp; Roos, 2013). Over the last 20 years, a number of strategies aimed at improving the job performance of health workers have been implemented in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) (Marchal et al. 2012). Each strategy has had its specific perspective and focused on one particular issue: quality improvement, performance managementRead MoreThe Core Features Of Teacher Professional Development7561 Words   |  31 Pagesprofessional development. Second, it presents main stages and primary models of teacher professional development. Third, it presents the role of principal leadership in a teacher’s professional growth. Fourth, it presents a review of some cases of successful and unsuccessful teacher professional development programs of American public schools, and some reasons for failure of professional development programs. Finally, it presents the basic concepts and principles of National Staff Development Council’sRead MoreStudent Achievement Is Achieved At The Forefront Of Educatio n2659 Words   |  11 PagesStudent achievement is consistently at the forefront of education. It has become the driving force and reason as to why researchers and educational scholars seek to find professional revisions that can be performed to increase student performance. If it is revising curriculums, rewriting textbooks, or increasing resources, researchers are seeking a strategy to better enhance how students succeed. They investigate diligently and strategically in order to find a connection between societal featuresRead More The Image of Career and Technical Education Essay2079 Words   |  9 PagesThe Image of Career and Technical Education Parents, students, and employers still hold stereotypes about career and technical education (CTE). This Practice Application Brief presents strategies career and technical educators can use to present a new image of CTE as a viable strategy for education and work, including proactive approaches to enhancing the reputation of CTE programs, bringing parents up to date on labor market information, marketing CTE to the local community, and working withRead MoreOrganizational Effectiveness Essay1880 Words   |  8 Pagesinterchangeably with the concept of â€Å"Organizational Development†, especially when used as the name of a department or part of an organization’s Human Resources. Organizational development is an ongoing, systematic process to implement effective change in an organization and is known as a field of applied behavioral science focused on understanding and managing organizational change, as well as, a field of scientific study and inquiry . While organiza tional development is considered to be interdisciplinary in

What Problems Did Hispanics Blacks Women Face 1940-60 Free Essays

What problems did Hispanics, Native Americans and women face in 1945 and how far had these been overcome by 1968 World War Two has often been described as a turning point in the battle for equality between men and women. From the beginning, women were always struggling to gain status, respect, and rights in their society. Prior to World War Two, a woman’s role in society was seen as someone who cooked, cleaned, and gave birth. We will write a custom essay sample on What Problems Did Hispanics Blacks Women Face 1940-60 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The years during and following the war marked a turning point in the battle for equality. Women, for once, were being seen as individuals with capabilities outside the kitchen, and we’re for the first time given a chance to prove themselves. On December 7, 1942, Pearl Harbour was bombed and FDR (Franklin D. Roosevelt) declared war. This marked the entry of the US into World War Two, a war which has been going on in Europe for almost 2 years prior. The start of World War II opened a new chapter in the lives of women living in America. From coast to coast, husbands, fathers, sons and brothers were shipped out to fight in Europe. With the entry of the US and the absence of large quantities of men, the demand for supplies increased, and women were called out of the kitchen and into the workforce. Posters, banners, and jingles were all aspects that helped encourage women’s entrance into the workforce. Millions marched into factories, offices, and military bases. The demand for labour was so great, that a poll taken that year showed that only 13% of the population opposed females entering the workforce. Women’s occupations varied from war nurses and cooking for the army, to making bombs and making weapons. Other occupations flourished, as well. Women photographers, writers, and reports were for once given a chance. The war offered women opportunity never given to them before. The war has given women a chance to show what they can do in the world, and they have done well. Women were given freedom and a chance to live the American dream. However the Allies’ final push in the summer of 1945 brought World War II to a close. With the end of the war, came the pressure for females to return to where they belong. All the women who took jobs during the war were now all expected to make room for the returning men. The returning veterans were all unemployed and in need of work. The government’s solution to the problem was to force women out of their jobs in order to make room for the men. The same as they were encouraged into the labour force, they were encouraged out of it. Posters, movies, and articles were posted to help push females to leave their jobs and return to their homes. Despite the pressure, women were not so quick to return to the kitchen. They were for the first time, given freedom, and allowed a chance. Women across the nation were less than willing to give it back and return to their old way of life. Women began questioning the role they played in society, and began demanding equal opportunities. The 1960s was a major period of gaining equality for women. Various acts were passed in order to help the woman’s cause. Through various struggles and battles, the Equal Pay Act was passed in 1963, which prohibited wage discrimination based on one’s sex. In addition, the Civil Rights Act was passed the following year, which further extended the laws prohibiting one’s occupation due to sex, by also prohibiting wage discrimination, job classification, promotion, and training. Women’s battle for equality also existed outside the workforce. During the late 1960s, women fought for equal rights anyway they knew how. They wanted to end discrimination not only at work, but at home, and in every part of their society. To accomplish this, women began to take place in marches and spoke out against inequality. Individual women worked hard to achieve their goal. Esther Peterson, director of the Women’s Bureau of the Department of Labor, with the help of President John F. Kennedy, helped approve the Equal Rights Amendment. Also, other activities helped the fight for equality. Betty Friedan, the first President of NOW (National Organisation for Women), became one of the most influential activists of her time. She led a highly publicized campaign in order to pass an amendment to guarantee equal rights for both men and women. In addition, Friedan was the author of The Feminine Mystique, a book that spoke of the idea that women could find happiness outside their homes, and within their careers. By the 1970s, women achieved some victories, but the fight was far from over. Today, almost 64 million women, almost 16 and over, and about 46% of the workforce is composed of women. Hispanics came home from World War II to a different struggle. A Medal of Honour for bravery didn’t guarantee service in certain restaurants and a soldier’s body in a coffin with an American flag for his widow didn’t merit admission to some funeral homes. Hispanics weren’t segregated in the service, as African Americans were. The Hispanics earned 13 of the 301 medals of honour awarded. But still Hispanics did face discrimination. Back home in Texas, two of those medal recipients were denied service in restaurants. Returning veterans also found public swimming pools, schools and housing segregated in some communities, especially in the Southwest and California. They did not face as harsh a living as African Americans but still fought substantial racism. Fast-forward to 1965, since the end of the war Hispanic children fail to gain as good an education as your average white boy, many grew up in extreme poverty with parents working in the Californian farming industry. The California farming business was worth over $4 billion at the time. Hispanics working in this field were only able to work around 134 day every year during the harvest period and when they weren’t working they weren’t getting paid. They gained a false reputation for being lazy from white Californians, when the actually worked very hard making the best out of what they had. The problem was farming unions had no legal protection at the time and so their fight against injustice was at a standstill. The National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) was formed in 1962 by Cesar Chavez, this union became very popular and it organise ‘La Huelga;’ this was a mass walk out from the farms that involved 10000 Hispanics. Unfortunately it took 5 years (1970) to achieve anything, but it was a start. Some 44,000 Native Americans served in the United States military during World War II. American Indian veterans encountered varying degrees of success in re-entering civilian life after World War II. Some returned to the reservation, where economic opportunities were bleak. World War II changed both the Indians and the reservation. Following the war, veterans returned unwilling to accept the secondary status assigned to them by the larger society. They faced discrimination in housing, employment, education, land rights, water rights, and voting. In many states, it was illegal for Indians to purchase or consume alcohol. Yet many of the veterans had found that while in the military they were able to purchase and consume alcohol with no legal difficulties both on the bases and while on furlough in foreign countries. Many returned home wanting this same freedom as civilians in the United States. Veterans received readjustment checks of $20 a week for 52 weeks while unemployed, and were eligible for G. I. Bill benefits, including free high school and college education, and low-cost mortgages. Veterans moved to cities; the Indian population in urban centers more than doubled (from 24,000 to 56,000) from 1941 to 1950. Some veterans, like Abel in the novel House Made of Dawn, moved to California cities only to experience little success there. More than three thousand Indians each lived in San Francisco and Los Angeles after the war; fewer than five hundred, or a sixth of them, were able to find steady jobs. Tellingly, the median income for urban male Indians was $1,198 a year, in contrast to $3,780 for the white male population. Native Americans joined the United States’ call to fight Communism and participated in the Korean and Vietnam Wars. Between 10,000 to 15,000 Native Americans served in the Korean War, while approximately 14,500 Native Americans served in the Vietnam War. Once again Native Americans returned from these wars to find discrimination with regards to finding a job and trying to earn a fair wage. In conclusion both Women, Hispanics and Native Americans had made strides towards overcoming their post-war problems by 1968, but some were more successful than others. Women were more common place in the work place by 1968 but nothing like today, they still faced discrimination with regards to wages and opportunity’s. Even though they were helped by the Civil Rights Act of 1964 banning discrimination in the work place, there were loopholes and statistically you were still more likely to get a job if you were male. An act to guarantee equal rights for women was not passed until 1972, it was called ‘The Equal Rights Amendment. The Feminine Mystique is a nonfiction book by Betty Friedan first published in 1963. It is widely credited with sparking the beginning of second-wave feminism in the United States. This phenomenally popular book may have been the inspiration for Women all over America to leave their kitchen and become more independent. Hispanics and Native Americans were helped massively with the civil Rights Act of 1964 which ended unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the workplace and by facilities that served the general public. Unfortunately there was still a learned racist attitude towards ethnic groups in America, however it cannot be measured how many years this attitude took to wear off. In 1968 we saw America learning its newer more modern stance on different ethnicities and women which we can see today. This was Mainly due to the approval of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 witch was probably the most important act passed in American history with regard to equality. How to cite What Problems Did Hispanics Blacks Women Face 1940-60, Essay examples

Marketing Strategies and Process of Apple †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Strategies and Process of Apple. Answer: Introduction International managementhas gained great popularity due to globalization. Globalization has opened the door for many business opportunities. Businesses had more options in the global network and this was the first step of many private companies to explore other markets. But this led to increased competition among the firms. The firms were to exposed to different nations, culture who were outside their geographical boundary. The company goes to do business in the international market to gain profits, make new markets, sell their products etc. As there is rise in the companies to expand their business internationally and when business start operating there are many challenges face by the companies. Key Concepts of International Management To do business in the international market they need proper planning, organizing their staffs, opening new offices at proper location, engaging new recruitments in the operating nation, proper marketing strategy and others. It means that Internationalmanagement deals with managing such affair followed by the strategy implemented within the organization. So, internationalmanagement encompasses proper marketing, accounting, human resource management, service marketing to expand its business. Even there has to be proper mode of communication with the international offices and parent company. Company Introduction: Apple Apple Inc. is an American company based on Cupertino, California which manufactures, designand markets computer products both personal and professional. It also produces mobile communication products. According to Thiele, Sarstedt and Ringle, (2016, p.991), the operating system which Apple uses is MacOS for computers and iOS for tablets, phone etc. Apple has a media player named as iTunes, iPod and its own browser named Safari.A digital media player produced by Apple Inc. is Apple TV and has producedother accessories like iCloud, iWork. So, the company produces different rage of technology products. These products are in high demand globally due to excellent design, software and service. Apple is a huge brand and this brand targets the urban population of any big city of a country. The organization structure of the company: Organization chart The organizational structure of the company Apple is the most important factor or part of the company in terms of their successful innovation. This organization structure of the company can create an opportunity for Apple to enhance their growth in the global market. In the case of Apple the organizational structure can be identified as mainly a traditional hierarchy, along with few key elements from other types of organizational structure. Culture: Basically, the company believes in innovation, so that they have the motive to think differently. This is the main culture of the organization Apple, they are different than other companies in the market. Human resource: Along with this the leadership style as well as the human resource management part is another most important thing of Apple. In this case Steve Jobs have adopted his own innovative leadership style in terms of managing the company. The company makes small changes in their management process or organizational structure time by time according to the changes of market. The company always manages their each and every part of their business in effective strategies as well as they also have some motivation strategies for managing their employees. Impact of global market Every company needs to export and import products to stay in competitive global market. There are many emerging markets where its cheap to import products and also gain to sell the product to these countries. Apple Inc. too follows this strategy i.e. it exports and imports goods to produce and sell it products in the international market (Sojka, 2016, p.285)). This is done as labor is cheap in many countries and raw materials are available at low cost. But to do this an organization has to go through many types of customs and duties and has to pay it. This is a cost to the company. There is another international activity that becomes a problem for the organization is licensing. This licensing help big brands to spread its products in the international market at low risk. Apple too follows the norms of international laws and the regulation work in a proper way. After these activities, the company makes its marketing strategy and proper business model to increase its business. Challenges in International Market In spite of all these strategies one of the prime problem of global marketing and setting up of global offices is understanding the other countrys culture and sometimes the differences creates a lot of problem. So, the demographic, political, technological, economical and socio-cultural differences are the major factors of a company to do business internationally. As sighted by Peterson, (2016, p.9), when a company moves from one region to another there are many problems come in its way. One of the main barrier is the mode of communication. The languages are different in different countries. This is challenge for any organization and sometimes creates a situation that is difficult to deal with. Every firm has its own culture and it is different from other firms and countries. But the basic idea lies in understanding each other either from a different country or own country. This increase efficiency and competition of an organization. Apple Inc. follows the acknowledgement of an employees ability and a friendly atmosphere to work. The international market has uplifted the wall of the differences of culture and now a cultural diffusion has occurred. There is custom in different countries like in Arab countries it is a not a good manner to shake hands and there are custom of greeting a person, paying respect to high official of the country and it is different in different countries. There things are need to be know before operating a business in a foreign land. Other than culture there are other things that helps a business to understand a different country are the taxation, laws, mode of business operation, holidays etc. to name a few. To expand a business internationally it is important to grow either internally, merging or acquisition. The internal growth is the growing of the organization from the basic level and establishing itself in a new country. But a merger or acquisition means a company that is already established another country but learns the rules and regulation of a new country from the acquired unit it has merged with. This mode of operation is better to perform internationally. Travel condition of many countries is different and sometimes it becomes difficult for an employee of high level official to visit a proper site is another problem (Parihar et al. 2016, p.113). In case of Apple Inc. environment becomes a hindrance to market the products. For example, in case of developing nations the pricing strategies are low but in developed countries it is just the opposite. Even in the case of products Apple Inc. gives new and advanced with high level technology to developed nations while in developing nations this absent. This means that there are differences of tastes between countries and this an important strategy for a company to identify to market its products. To survive the competition the organization has to think differences of taste in different countries. Then there is technological advancement in various countries. For example, there is competition among technology in different countries like in USA and UK the technology firm is high in comparison to India. So, if Apple Inc. has to use across boarder strategy it will be different In countries like India, China and different in USA and UK. The acquisitions established in developing nations a re far different in developed nations. Decision Making The product selling strategy of Apple Inc. are through retail stores worldwide, online stores and direct selling. The company also sells through third part like cellular networks carriers, whole sellers, retailers and resellers. The retail stores tat re owned by Apple itself provides a comfortable feeling to the customer and helps the customers to their best. The service of Apple is based on trust on the brand, loyalty and honesty. As per Ma and Abdulai, (2016, p.21), it is easy to replace or get a new product depending on the problem. This is known is global market as Apple Care and range of support it provides are any problem related to software products, technical assistance and there is fee based Apple care protection Plan (APP). This protection includes two or three years support to phone, laptop, tablet. In the global market the company has targeted the continents of Europe, South America, Asia- Pacific, Australia (Lo Dolce and Ryan, 2016, p.98). Apple has increased its global presence. The main market is the high profile urban population of US and they use its products for home ad office. Now the business ha increased to such a level that now the manufacturing is at USA and assembling and sales are in done in the global market. Presently the company assembles and sources its raw materials from 140 nations. This has led to reduced cost as the manufacturing and labor cost due to new technological innovation. This is how Apple is entering the merging market. Apples emerging market is a huge market for the company. The main country is China where the major portion of the companys sourcing and manufacturing comes from. In case of China the environmental conditions are problem regard to the manufacturing. The Chinese governments has planned to impose some restrictions and increase the profits of the state owned companies to 30 % by 2020.This will increase the cost of the company and the labor cost. Solets discuss the marketing strategies: According to Lilford, Harrison and Berthon, (2016, p.127), to enter a country the main ways are - licensing, exporting and importing strategies. In case of licensing discussed earlier is allow risk market entry way compared to joint venture or other alliances. In case of regulations also licensing is a way and is less complicated and the organization face less problems in comparison to other ways of entering an international country. The companies adopting licensing are getting more returns than any other strategic options in foreign lands. So, returns are high in licensing strategy (Langner et al. p.327). Hence we can infer that Apple Inc. follows the export and import strategy and licensing strategy to market its products globally and enter the foreign land and these are favorable for the company. International Strategy Undertaken by Apple As per Chaudhary et al. (2016, p.78), the important strategy that Apple Inc. uses is differentiation strategy. Its important strategy is to deliver high customer value by newly designed and innovative products in international market. As this strategy is a tool to develop a huge market share internationally and Apple uses this strategy to make a differentiation in the offering depending on the country. But the question arises why this differentiation is needed? There are reasons that are explained below: We are aware of the fact that Apple products like iPod, iPad, iPhone, iTunes and others are in huge demand in the international market and this is the prime reason of differentiation strategy and has become an important strategy for an organization to market globally. Next is the brand value. This strategy of Apple Inc.provides brand value to the company. This is possible through differentiation strategy as it helps in developing stronger position in international markets compared to other businesses. The above gives competitive advantage to Apple Inc. The competitive advantage helps the company to stand in any kind of challenges and issues that other competitors like Dell Computers, Google, and Microsoft and so on gives in international market (Bhasin, 2017, p.90). The products of Apple Inc. are such that it is difficult to imitate . The innovative products are difficult to adopt by competitors in international market. So, imitations by rival companies and this is possible by the adoption of differentiation strategy helps. Confirmed by Investor Relations, the iPhone is Apples primary growth strategy in emerging economies. Apple needs to step up the efficiency of its global scale efforts as Samsung, Apples primary competition, continues to rise in its dominance in the global cell phone market. It should shift from a global strategic perspective into a transnational perspective. The new strategy adopted by Apple is highly centralized, scale-intensive manufacturing but the standardized products of the company are not allowing the company to succeed. So, the company needs to know the flexibility in different fields. Supply Chain management had helped the company in a great manner. The company sources the raw material of all the products from the global market and also used the cheap labor. The company is having good relations with the sources and this has helped the company grow and be innovative. One example that the company in investing a huge amount of money to a US-based sapphire company new technology. So its supply chain plays a vital role in developing the company innovative perspective and increasing the global presence. Conclusion So, we conclude that Apple Inc. follows proper international strategies, operates through legal market entry modes and follows rules and regulation in international market. We can infer that the company follows effective and efficient strategies depending on the countries as it varies from one country to another due to environmental factors. To start business globally firms has to select right Firms are entry modes by taking into consideration their advantages and disadvantages along with the demographic, political situation of country. Developing a business in ones own country and then developing it in another country is an easy task. This task needs a lot of disciplined workforce, proper environment. References Bhasin, H. (2017).Marketing Strategy of Apple Inc - Apple Marketing strategy.Marketing91. Retrieved 29 May 2017, from https://www.marketing91.com/marketing-strategy-apple/ Chaudhary, R., Janjhua, Y., Mehta, P., and Verma, T. (2016). An Analytical Study of Apple Marketing Channels in Himachal Pradesh, India.International Journal of Bio-Resource Stress Management,7(2). Langner, S., Schmidt, S., Wiedmann, K. P., Haase, J., and Fritz, S. (2016). Make Brand Love, Not War: The Power of Combining Explicit and Implicit Brand Attitude Measurement to Detect Brand Affection. InLets Get Engaged! Crossing the Threshold of Marketings Engagement Era(pp. 327-327). Springer International Publishing. Lilford, N., Harrison, T., and Berthon, P. (2016). Beyond Feedback Orientation: Exploring the Quality of the Feedback Environment in Financial Services Sales. InCelebrating Americas Pastimes: Baseball, Hot Dogs, Apple Pie and Marketing?(pp. 123-124). Springer International Publishing. Lo Dolce, A., and Ryan, A. (2016). Discourse and Language in Marketing Communication, with Specific Regard to the Fear of Social Exclusion. A Single Case Study on Apple Inc. Ma, W., and Abdulai, A. (2016). Linking apple farmers to markets: Determinants and impacts of marketing contracts in China.China Agricultural Economic Review,8(1), 2-21. Parihar, K. S., Kumar, A., Maurya, A., Joliya, P., and Kamalvanshi, V. (2016). Marketing Paradigm of Apple Growers in Nainital District of Uttarakhand.Indian Journal of Economics and Development,12(1a), 113-116. Peterson, S. (2016). Thinking different.Internal Auditor,73(4), 9-10. Sojka, J. Z. (2016). Use of in-class experiential learning to promote student engagement. InCelebrating Americas Pastimes: Baseball, Hot Dogs, Apple Pie and Marketing?(pp. 285-286). Springer International Publishing. The global environment of business: New paradigms for international management . (2017).Iveybusinessjournal.com. Retrieved 29 May 2017, from https://iveybusinessjournal.com/publication/the-global-environment-of-business-new-paradigms-for-international-management/ Thiele, K. O., Sarstedt, M., and Ringle, C. M. (2016). Mirror, Mirror on the Wall: A Comparative Evaluation of Six Structural Equation Modeling Methods. InCelebrating Americas Pastimes: Baseball, Hot Dogs, Apple Pie and Marketing?(pp. 991-992). Springer International Publishing.

The dust bowl Essay Example For Students

The dust bowl Essay Dust Bowl, common name applied to a large area in the southern part of the Great Plains region of the United States, that got much dust storms in the1930s. The area included parts of Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, and Colorado. In its original state, the region was covered with hardy grasses that held the fine-grained soil in place in spite of the long recurrent droughts and occasional torrential rains characteristic of the area. A large number of homesteaders settled in the region in the 30 years before World War I, planting wheat and row crops and raising cattle. Both of these land uses left the soil exposed to the danger of erosion by the winds that constantly sweep over the gently rolling land. We will write a custom essay on The dust bowl specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Beginning in the early 1930s, the region suffered a period of severe droughts, and the soil began to blow away. The organic matter, clay, and silt in the soil were carried great distances by the winds, in some cases darkening the sky as far as the Atlantic coast, and sand and heavier materials drifted against houses, fences, and barns. In many places 8 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in) of topsoil were blown away. Many thousands of families, their farms ruined, migrated westward; about a third of the remaining families had to accept government relief. Beginning in 1935 intensive efforts were made by both federal and state governments to develop adequate programs for soil conservation and for rehabilitation of The dust bowl Essay. The measures taken have included seeding large areas in grass; 3-year rotation of wheat and sorghum and of lying fallow; the introduction of contour plowing, terracing, and strip planting; and, in areas of greater rainfall, the planting of long shelter belts of trees to break the force of the wind. . The Dust Bowl Essay Example For Students The Dust Bowl Essay The Dust Bowl Essay was the darkest moment in the twentieth-century life of the southern plains, (pg. 4) as described by Donald Worster in his book The Dust Bowl. It was a time of drought, famine, and poverty that existed in the 1930s. Its cause, as Worster presents in a very thorough manner, was a chain of events that was perpetuated by the basic capitalistic societys need for expansion and consumption. Considered by some as one of the worst ecological catastrophes in the history of man, Worster argues that the Dust Bowl was created not by natures work, but by an American culture that was working exactly the way it was planned. We will write a custom essay on The Dust Bowl specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In essence, the Dust Bowl was the effect of a society, which deliberately set out to take all it could from the earth while giving next to nothing back. The Dust Bowl existed, in its full quintessence, concurrently with the Great Depression during the 1930s. Worster sets out in an attempt to show that these two cataclysms existed simultaneously not by coincidence, but by the same culture, which brought them about from similar events. Both events revealed fundamental weaknesses in the traditional culture of America, the one in ecological terms, the other in economic. (pg. 5) Worster proposes that in American society, as in all others, there are certain accepted ways of using the land. He sums up the capital ethos of ecology into three simply stated maxims: nature must be seen as capital, man has a right/obligation to use this capital for constant self-advancement, and the social order should permit and encourage this continual increase of personal wealth (pg. 6) It is through these basic beliefs that Worster claims the plainsmen ignored all environmental limits, much like the brokers and investors on Wall Street ignored a top-heavy economy. Worster explains that our business-oriented society began to transform farming into a mass-producing industrial machine, becoming another excess of free enterprise that not even Roosevelts New Deal could remedy. The dirty thirties, as many called it, was a time when the earth ran amok in southern plains for the better part of a decade. This great American tragedy, which was more devastating environmentally as well as economically than anything in Americas past or present, painstakingly tested the spirit of the southern plainsmen. The proud folks of the south refused at first to accept government help, optimistically believing that better days were ahead. Some moved out of the plains, running from not only drought but from the new machine-controlled agriculture. As John Steinbeck wrote in the bestseller The Grapes of Wrath, it was not nature that broke the people-they could handle the drought. It was business farming, seeking a better return on land investments and buying tractors to pursue it, that had broken these people, smashing their identity as natural beings wedded to the land.(pg. 58) The machines, one-crop specialization, non-resident farming, and soil abuse were tangible threats to the American agriculture, but it was the capitalistic economic values behind these land exploitations that drove the plainsmen from their land and created the Dust Bowl. Eventually, after years of drought and dust storms, the plains people had to accept some form of aid or fall to the lowest ranks of poverty in the land, and possibly perish. The government set up agency after agency to try and give federal aid to the plains farmers. Groups such as the Farm Credit Administration, the Works Progress Administration, the Land Utilization Project, and the Agricultural Adjustment program, among others, were formed to give the plainsmen some sort of relief from the hardships of the Dust Bowl. In Cimarron county, Oklahoma 306 households were drawing government relief in June 1934: 60 of them were paid entirely in commodities, the rest mostly in cash (pg. 131). Roosevelt and the government continually contrived ways to give the plains aid, and when the Supreme Court ruled that a certain agency was unconstitutional, Roosevelt simply created another one in its place. In the end, Worster argues, the government agencies did not improve the lot of the large number of poor, marginal farmers, and in fact, none of the federal activities altered much of the factory-like culture of the plains. .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327 , .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327 .postImageUrl , .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327 , .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327:hover , .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327:visited , .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327:active { border:0!important; } .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327:active , .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327 .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7bfc25d4e7bd9172f07919622b975327:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Peer Pressure Essay .

101 Syllabus and Introduction Professor Ramos Blog

101 Syllabus and Introduction Introductions Welcome to English 101, Freshmen Composition We will be using the blog to post comments and final drafts of essays in order to help us learn from each other. One of the best ways to improve your writing is to study the writing of others. This blog will allow us to share and see others’ writings. I will also be posting updates and assignments to make sure we are all on the same page. The syllabus will be posted under Syllabus. The resources page with have links and videos to help you with citations, WordPress, and more. Textbook The textbook for this class is â€Å"They Say, I Say†Ã‚  with readings, 4th edition. Make sure to order the textbook that has the readings included! The cover should be bluish, not black. Also, we will be reading Sandra Cisneros’  Woman Hollering Creek and other Stories.  Available on Amazon for $10 new, and 1 cent used. You will need this one by week 5. Introductions Ice breaker. In groups of 2 or 3 answer these questions. Name Major Like to read or write? 1 2 Interesting facts We will introduce one another. You have six minutes to answer the questions.

Afganistan war Veteran Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Afganistan war Veteran - Essay Example I researched literature on the country’s culture and people, and this served to help me to avoid the common pitfall that most of my colleagues fell into of incorrectly stereotyping the country’s people. When we finally landed in the country, I discovered that most of the material I had read on the country had essentially been written during a period when peace prevailed and since then, a number of things had changed with the advent of war. The Afghani people were initially apprehensive and prejudiced about us and our mission. Years of living under the severely repressive Taliban regime had caused them to grow apprehensive of strangers. However, when we started winning against the dreaded Taliban insurgents, the people became quite welcoming towards us and would often greet us in the streets cheerfully and hail us as their hero’s (Kerry, 2010). In Afghanistan, the majority of the soldiers happen to serve in various support functions that include accounting, logistics or even laundry. For these officers, the war frontline is essentially the camp’s front gate. A typical day for me generally involved getting a briefing in the morning as to the current situation and what was expected to occur during the day. We would then embark on a patrol of the local town and its environs. It was not uncommon for newly deployed troops that were assigned to engage with the local leaders to quickly grow comfortable with these leaders in a case of assumed similarity. These troops would incorrectly assume that these leaders happened to share similar characteristics with themselves and it was thus important that the recruits be accompanied with experienced veterans (Kenny, 1994). These veterans would help the recruits engage with these leaders and locals in a professional manner as the recruits gradually adapted to the country’s cu stoms and culture. After the patrol, we would then report back

Taxonomy on existing techniques of reducing false alarms in Annotated Bibliography

Taxonomy on existing techniques of reducing false alarms in sensor-based healthcare monitoring systems - Annotated Bibliography Example According to Qassim, Patel and Modzhin (2014), fuzzy logic risk analysis is implemented to reduce false alarm instances and maintain sufficient level of security against serious attacks in intrusion and detection systems. The primary purpose of an intrusion and detection system is to identify attackers trying to infiltrate a network and expose vulnerable resources. By using a Fuzzy Logic-Risk Analysis (FLRA) model, the Qassim et al. (2014) aimed to reduce instances of false positives. By calculating the significance and severity of each suspected attack, the system establishes whether an activity can be classified as attempted attack or normal behavior miss judged by the detection system. The model comprises four layers: integrated interface, knowledge manager, autonomic manager, and resource manager. The topmost layer represents the integration point of the system administrator and the intrusion detection system. At this level, strategies and policies are defined and implemented. Th e section responsible for false positive reduction is the Intrusion Detection Manager. This second layer referred as the Fuzzy Logic-Risk Analysis Intrusion Detection Manager is responsible comprises of four modules: monitor module, analyzer, planner module and control module. All the modules act systematically to detect any attempts of intrusion, eliminate false positives and perform necessary changes to the protected element. Fuzzy Logic-Risk Analysis model works in two mechanisms: identifying the risk and assessing the risk. Once the risk has been identified it is assessed using weighted averages and consequently categorized. Threats are categorized based on their ability to cause harm to asset elements. Once the risk has been identified, residual and exposed risks are analyzed using Fuzzy logic from which different countermeasures are applied to mitigate it. FLRA model works by taking the

Review of Aphrodite And The Gods of Love Exhibit at the MFA in Boston Essay

Review of Aphrodite And The Gods of Love Exhibit at the MFA in Boston - Essay Example These inspirations were drawn from religious entities, which had been, the inspiration that presented multiple meanings within the societal setting. The Aphrodite as presented by the sculptor Praxiteles is no exception and through the visit at the Boston Museum, the life-size sculpture stands tall depicting the image of the relived story of this famous goddess. The visit had been to articulate the impacts of variable works and heir contribution to the modern visual studies. The sculpture has had significance in depicting the life of the ancient Greek society and their relation to the supernatural. Inspiration behind the sculpture Ancient Greek artifacts and art pieces had been developed based on the belief that they had been in connection with the supernatural. These beliefs led to the creation of numerous pieces, mostly based on the gods who they had given responsibility to represent variable nature compositions. The sculpture’s position at the MFA was significant because it drew the class closer to the ancient mythology that relied on the value of the piece. Though not fully composed, the structural composition of this art form suggested that it had been pieced to withstand the generations to depict Aphrodite as immortal. Aphrodite had been the god who held meaning and inspiration to the emotional composition of the society and had been referred to as Venus. The nude figure of the form suggests the powerful implication that the piece presented to the society, with the seduction entity involved (Smee). This idolization had been relayed to be self-explanatory with the piece strategically placed, to fit within the context as one that contributed to the entity that women in the royalty of Greek mythology generated. The museum has centered the piece with other exhibition of women who made an impact within the Greek mythology like the piece on Degas and the Nude. Setting at MFA The arrangement of the pieces in the MFA is placed to complement the period and g enerate the knowledge required in the pieces that presented similar meanings. The curators and art directors presented the displayed in a careful organization to complement Aphrodite’s piece to regulate on any flaw that may be witnessed in telling the story. The vases and the mirrors connecting to the piece had been stationed to lead the viewers’ eyes to the presented sculpture. The piece is witnessed as incomplete with parts of her limbs, and head chopped off. However, it can be articulated as a masterly piece due to the viewer’s ability to recognize its symbolic identity instantly. The museum has a presentation to enlighten inspiring artists to create the environment and organize a brief explanation of the pieces to present a brief on what each had been built to hold. Accompanying the artifacts are tags that present the pieces to the viewers with most pieces containing their name, artist and identity of the work. This is vital to limit confusion and help in ex plaining the works to the viewers who need a brief description of the composition that they visit the MFA to conduct their research. Aphrodite Sculpture The ancient Greek society travelled to the mountains to present their adoration of Aphrodite in the sculpted forms in the subsequent time. Today, Aphrodite stands tall in the MF museum and critics can access the beauty of her image through the sculpture. The sculpture helps the modern society explain the mythology through

Case Study Simulation Cotton On Limited Marketing Essay

Case Study Simulation Cotton On Limited Marketing Essay The purpose of the report is to establish three strategies which will address issues within Cotton-On Ltd causing their current financial troubles. The three chosen strategies are: research consumer buying habits, introduce online sales and expand sales into the European Union countries. These strategies will be explored and discussed to explain how they help improve the situation at Cotton-On Ltd. The first strategy research consumer buying habits shows how we look through the range of methods used for researching consumer buying habits in order to make a recommendation which is most suitable related to Cotton-On Ltd. Gathered data can be used to make decisions regarding various concerns with Cotton-On Ltd, such as product range, pricing or available sales channels. The methods used for researching consumer buying habits helps support other strategies because it allows Cotton-On Ltd to understand potential customers in new market settings. The second strategy introduce online sales refers to Cotton-On Ltd using the internet as a tool to strengthen the company because it is increasingly beneficial for them. Through extensive research Cotton-On Ltd should introduce online sales because of their position within the market otherwise they will be disadvantaged compared to competitors. Also the potential of the online sales channel is an opportunity for them to expand online and take advantage of the internet as a marketing tool. However there is a range of different ways Cotton-On Ltd can choose to approach selling their products online and this will be further discussed within the report. The third strategy expand sales into European Union countries explores this topic in context of online sales. The UK is a leading European country in relation to online sales however there are bigger markets to be explored, since some of these markets are expected to grow in the next few years. The topics which will be discussed is the European market related to Cotton-On Ltd, the aspect of the language barrier, the pricing / currency and any other points will be taken into consideration. All three strategies are explained to show the advantages for Cotton-On Ltd and highlight the main issues. We show how the strategies are linked together and where possible, suggest methods for implementation and overcoming issues. Those strategies are a starting point for the company to overcome their problems. Research Consumer Buying Habits Methodology Consumer buying habit is a complex matter and there are many factors that influence buying decision of the customer. When it comes to researching consumer behaviour for a business it is the greatest mystery of any business to solve (Matt Alderton, no date). There are many ways we could find out about consumer buying habits, but before doing anything else we need to investigate Cotton-On Ltd, its System or any previous study on the matter. One of the following techniques would be chosen to suit Cotton-On Ltd namely, interview, questionnaire, survey and consumer panel, but the best would be to organize customer focus group to help Cotton-On Ltd identify and find consumer specific needs. Customer focus group will produce good customer data in their own words, which would help create more effective marketing campaign and will expose problems within Cotton-On Ltd (Matt Alderton, no date). To get the best out of customer focus group it is important to stay focused on Cotton-On Ltd objectives that would have to be why the business is losing sale and how to save money? Predetermined questions and Moderator who be able to speak comfortably, easy to approach. Recruit up to twelve participants; the selection will be according to our question and will avoid random customer. Record the focus group either with a tape recorder or a video camera, but will have to ask participants permission. Evaluate feedback by reviewing the session to improve the quality (Matt Alderton, no date). As well as organising focus group Cotton-On Ltd should have a Consumer Panel to test our product as Consumer Panels are useful for fast short survey (DJS Research Ltd, no date). Discussion There are a few problems with Cotton-On Ltd system needs updating, improving and even would be scrapped once the new recommendation and system is implemented, but global issues have to be taken into account too, due to economic climate of UK, which is either flat or negative growth for the last six months family budgets are tight only spending where it matters most. The first issue has been noticed in Cotton-On Ltd case is that until last year it represented 20 per cent of UK customers, which is equivalent of 30 per cent of the UK sales revenue. That means Cotton-On Ltd prices are higher and something needs to be done in order to increment the sales revenue, whilst retaining the same sales revenue at least for now. In the light of the focus group Cotton-On Ltd will have to move accordingly whether to keep the same price for the moment, but offering something in addition to what customer buys or anything, otherwise desired. As Cotton-On Ltd have 20 stores across the UK and the only other mean of sale we have is through mail order, the Office for National Statistics retail sales figure for January 2012 out today 17-February 2012, non-store retailing which is mainly internet sales, grew by 13.3% in January (Chloe Rigby, 2012). So the shift continues from high street sales to online and mail order Cotton-On Ltd needs to recognize this and move accordingly. As a retailer the key for Cotton-On Ltd is to combine the flexibility that online and mail order delivers, with the customer service of the physical shopping. By bringing those together Cotton-On Ltd services and offers become more compelling to it is customers and this will lead to increased revenue, and will improve Cotton-On Ltd brand value (Chloe Rigby, 2012). As it shows in meeting of Cotton-On Ltd directors that the business does not know sales of their products by colour, size and Cotton-On Ltd should know which product is selling well and which one is not. So once we produce the final report on consumer buying habit we would be able to know these answers to some extent. Cotton-On Ltd would be able to decide accordingly to whether it is best to have online system that can filter separately each online sold product to our database then it will be easier for Cotton-On Ltd to see the products selling more, less, or none. In this way, we would be able to collate the data easily without losing them and produce in our factories according to these good and rich customers data. For finding out more about customer buying habits Cotton-On Ltd should have a good information system that allows collating data from online sales and also customers should be able to track their order. In this way we can expose our customers buying habits that how often they buy, their desired colour, for example it is very likely giving the system we have in Cotton-On Ltd that there are lots of certain products colour and sizes that never or very little been sold, so we need to cut producing those product in order to reduce waste and will result saving money. Introduce Online Sales Justification Cotton-On Ltd provides their customers with a few traditional ways of buying their products, they also have presence on the Internet via their website and advertising but they do not use it as distribution channel. Research shows that in the current market, where many traditional retailers have already introduced Internet sales, this step becomes a strategic necessity (Bernstein et al., 2008). Therefore Cotton-On Ltd is currently left in a disadvantaged position. In addition, even in this time of economic difficulties, when the traditional retail sector is shrinking, the number of online buyers and online sales are increasing (Datamonitor, 2011a). According to Datamonitor (2011a) in 2010 the online retail sector in the United Kingdom reached revenue of over  £24.1 billion ($38 billion) and sales in apparel (including accessories and footwear) reached  £3.5 billion ($5.5 billion). The entire market is expected to grow to over  £41.9 billion ($66 billion) by the end of 2015, 11.6% growth. This shows the potential of the online sales channel. It is relatively easy to enter into Internet retail, especially for an established company with set up distance sales, as the costs are low and there are little additional regulations (Datamonitor, 2011a; Great Britain. Office of Fair Trading, 2006). Implementation and Issues Cotton-On Ltd may not have staff with sufficient skills to build and maintain an online store integrated with their website; however this is not the only way of implementing this strategy. Using an existing online service, which allows retailers to sell through their website, may prove more feasible as the first step in providing online sales. Even though this is not an ideal solution (Bernstein et al., 2008) it also addresses other issuers mentioned later in this section. The current website can be updated to direct interested customers to the service where they can make a purchase, while the staff will only be faced with learning whatever interface the service is providing. There are a few other concerns related to online sales and gaining new customers through this channel. Research suggests that the reason for the strong standing of the online market is the convenience of lower prices and price comparison tools (Datamonitor, 2011a; Bernstein et al., 2008). Therefore price competition may be stronger than in the traditional market. At the same time, use of online sales helps to reduce transaction costs and some of those savings can be passed to customers (Bernstein et al., 2008) at least partially addressing the pricing issues. It is likely that this strategy will reduce sales through other channels, but this redirection is desirable due to the aforementioned reduced costs (Bernstein et al., 2008). The effects should be monitored and further decisions should be made accordingly. For example, telephone sales may no longer require as many staff members, but they may be trained for support in online sales and customer service via email. Trust is the main issue when attracting new buyers in the online setting. Customers are concerned about the security of online transactions, which means they are more likely to select known and trusted retailers (Datamonitor, 2011a; Premazzi et al., 2010). A study conducted by Premazzi, Castaldo, Grosso and Hofacker (2010) find that customers are more willing to provide their information only for certain compensation (prizes, vouchers etc.). And therefore, if this method is used, the type of compensation should suit the targeted audiences. It also concludes that well designed, user friendly and error free websites may increase customer trust. Another way of targeting new customers may be by using an already known and trusted service, for example Amazon. They are one of the biggest online retailers (Datamonitor, 2011a) and they offer ways for retailers to sell products on their website with relatively low cost (Amazon, no date). Products made available through Amazon website will be exposed to millions of shoppers that use their services, and Cotton-On Ltd could use Amazons position in the market as a declaration of the safety of the transaction to the customers (Amazon, no date). Additionally, successful transactions will increase Cotton-On Ltd brands exposure and increase trust for it. Legal considerations Selling over the Internet is considered the same as selling over the phone in light of distance selling regulations (Great Britain. Office of Fair Trading, 2006). Therefore we can expect that Cotton-On Ltd is already adhering to those regulations. However the Electronic Commerce (EC Directive) Regulations 2002 introduces additional rules regarding advertising and sales using electronic channels. Because Cotton-On Ltd is already advertising on the Internet, hopefully with respect to those regulations, only extensions to sales specific regulations are required. Those rules affect: Information provided on the website used for sales. Technical means provided to customers (for example for identifying and correcting errors). Method of acknowledging orders (i.e. receipt supplied by electronic means). (Great Britain. Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform, 2002). Introducing an online distribution channel should not cause high additional costs related to legal matters. Additional Benefits Besides reduced costs and the chance of attracting new customers, use of the electronic sales channel also automates data collection and saves time required for order processing. If the changes are monitored and correct decisions are made to maximise benefits, Cotton-On Ltd will not only attract additional revenue but also lower its operation costs. Expand Sales to European Union Justification We propose the expansion of sales to other European Union countries only applies to the sales over the Internet. Costs of online expansion are relatively low, compared to a more physical solution (Premazzi, 2010) and high cost projects will probably not be possible due to the current situation at Cotton-On Ltd. The United Kingdom represents 23.5% of the European online retail sector (Datamonitor, 2011a). The other big markets are France, Germany, Italy and Spain with respectively 21.5%, 14.9%, 7.2% and 5.5% share of the market (Datamonitor, 2011a). It is also worth noting that both France and Germany have larger predicted growth over the next few years than the United Kingdom market. The French market is expected to exceed  £57.8 billion ($90.8 billion) 21% growth, and the German market is expected to exceed  £27.8 ($24.2 billion) 12.5% growth. Apparel (including footwear and accessories) accounts for 14.1% in both the German and French markets (Datamonitor, 2011b; c). This means that there is a large potential market outside of the United Kingdom. Implementation and Issues The technical and trust issues were already covered in the section on introduction of online sales, and the information provided also applies to this strategy. Pricing issues will be revisited in the context of foreign markets, due to issues arising from currency differences. The Single Market The European Union market is easy to access. European Union member states standardise their law to operate in a single market programme. The aim of this programme is to make doing business with other European Union counties as similar as possible to doing business in the companys country of origin. Measures, that European Union countries have introduced to achieve this, include: Reduction of paperwork accounting for the purposes of VAT is the same as for sales/purchases in the United Kingdom. Unified standards complying with United Kingdom technical and safety standards ensures meeting standards in other European Union countries. Free movement of people it is easy to employ European Union citizens in United Kingdom companies. Free movement of goods goods produced in the European Union or imported into a member state with duty paid, are considered to be in free circulation, further customs duty is not payable. Common currency 17 out of 27 member states have introduced the Euro as their currency, which reduces currency considerations for businesses. (Business Link, no date c; d; f) Languages Even though English is the language used internationally in business, it is still beneficial to have knowledge of countrys language and culture while doing business there (Business Link, no date a). A Eurobarometer pool found that almost half of the European Union citizens only speak one language (European Commission, 2012). Cotton-On Ltd needs to translate their website and products descriptions to the languages of targeted countries to not miss out on potential customers from those markets. They should also consider providing customer service in selected languages; it is possible they already have staff with language skills and if not, the free movement of people within the EEA makes it easier for businesses to find employees with the right skills (Business Link, no date b; d). Pricing Customers in other countries expect prices in their local currency. Therefore a company entering a foreign market should consider pricing and issues related to currency exchange (Business Link, no date h). Additional research into the market is required to make decisions on pricing; prices appropriate in the United Kingdom may not be appropriate in the new market (Business Link, no date e). Other Issues Cotton-On Ltd should also research competition in the new markets; consider marketing, delivery methods, payment methods and related costs (Business Link, no date e). Implementation suggestions The solution proposed for introducing online sales, where Cotton-On Ltd would use a known online retailer is also applicable here. If they choose an online retailer that already operates in their target markets, like Amazon (Amazon, no date), it may reduce some costs and solve some technical issues. Because each countrys market and culture is different, and some European countries still operate with their own currency, it is probably not feasible to expand to the entire European Union at once. Cotton-On Ltd should perform more detailed research into potential target markets and decide which to enter. Conclusion In our report, we established the three strategies: Research consumer buying habits, introduction of online sales and expansion of sales to European Union, which we think will address some of the problems arising at Cotton-On Limited. The main problem of the company is its financial situation and we are finding ways on how the three strategies and the process that can help to cope with this problem. We also talk about the possibilities on how the company can increase their sales through the strategies. In our research we also found out that the Cotton-On Ltd cannot only increase sales, but can also gain new prospected customers if Cotton-On Ltd follows the right procedure in implementing the strategies. In the Consumer Buying Habits, we were able to explain the methods that can be used to help the company with the targeting of their consumers. With the production of their products, the company will be able to target consumers who will be interested in the products. Interviews, questionnaire, survey and consumer panel are the method that can be used to get the target market for Cotton-On Limited. The Introduction of Online Sales is about using the Internet as a tool in selling their products. This strategy can also strengthen Cotton-On Limited, because it shows in the research that the number of online sales in the UK is increasing and will continue in same scale. We raised the implementation and the legal issues that the Cotton-On Ltd should take into consideration. We find out benefits as well that the company can get like reducing of cost however; they can still increase their profits. They can also attract new customers and gather customer information. There is a major issue in gaining customer trust. Most customers do not trust online sales so we recommend Cotton-On Limited to use known online retailers such as Amazon to target new customers and increase trust for the brand. In the Expansion of Sales to European Union, it is more likely the introduction of online sales because the company need to use the Internet for this strategy. Cotton-On Limited can use their internet setting so they can easily expand their business to the European Union countries. There are issues in this strategy such as the currency because most European Union countries use different currency so customers expect the prices to be in their local currency. With this issue, Cotton-On Limited should consider the pricing and issues related to the countrys currency exchange. We also talked about the language issue because different country speaks different language. It is discussed that it will really not be a big problem as English is the language used internationally in business however; customers expect their native language to be used so in selling the products, Cotton-On Limited needs to use the native language of the country where they are running their business. The company should also consider that they will enter a new market so they will also have new competitors in the business. The goal of these three strategies is to increase the revenue of Cotton-On Limited. The three strategies mentioned can help in increasing the funds of the company. If the company will be able to increase their funding because of the three strategies, they will have more budgets to make further improvements to increase the money coming in to the company. The company can also do stock control. This is a very useful improvement to increase their revenue. Stock control is very important because if they cannot do it effectively, it can lead to loss of sales or it can damage the reputation of the business. They have to make sure that they have enough stock all the time at the right time. They have to make sure that they have products to offer to their customers to gain business reputation so that they can have loyal customers and gain new ones. The company should make sure that they make careful planning with their stock control because having effective stock control can lead to making the business larger. The company will also need more tailored information system across their departments so they can get support on gathering data that can make the operation smooth and can reduce related costs.

Societys Restraint To Social Reform :: essays research papers

Society's Restraint to Social Reform Of the many chatted words in the social reform vocabulary of Canadians today, the term workfare seems to stimulate much debate and emotion. Along with the notions of self-sufficiency, employability enhancement, and work disincentives, it is the concept of workfare that causes the most tension between it's government and business supporters and it's anti-poverty and social justice critics. In actuality, workfare is a contraction of the concept of "working for welfare" which basically refers to the requirement that recipients perform unpaid work as a condition of receiving social assistance. Recent debates on the subject of welfare are far from unique. They are all simply contemporary attempts to decide if we live in a just society or not. This debate has been a major concern throughout history. Similarly, the provision of financial assistance to the able-bodied working-age poor has always been controversial. On one side are those who articulate the feelings and views of the poor, namely, the Permissive Position, who see them as victims of our society and deserving of community support. The problems of the poor range from personal (abandonment or death of the family income earner) to the social (racial prejudice in the job market) and economic (collapse in the market demand for their often limited skills due to an economic recession or shift in technology). The Permissive View reveals that all participants in society are deserving of the unconditional legal right to social security without any relation to the individual's behaviour. It is believed that any society which can afford to supply the basic needs of life to every individual of that society but does not, can be accused of imposing life-long deprivation or death to those needy individuals. The reason for the needy individual being in that situation, whether they are willing to work, or their actions while receiving support have almost no weight in their ability to acquire this welfare support. This view is presently not withheld in society, for if it was, the stereotype of the 'Typical Welfare Recipient' would be unheard of. On the other side, the Individualists believe that generous aid to the poor is a poisoned chalice that encourages the poor to pursue a life of poverty opposing their own long-term interests as well of those of society in general. Here, high values are placed on personal choice. Each participant in society is a responsible individual who is able to make his own decisions in order to manipulate the progression of his own life. In conjunction with this opinion, if you are given the freedom to make these decisions, then surely you must